CCL Antibodies
CCL antibodies are designed to target chemokine (C-C motif) ligands (CCLs), a family of small cytokines involved in the recruitment and migration of immune cells to sites of inflammation or injury. CCL proteins, such as CCL2 (MCP-1), CCL3 (MIP-1α), and CCL5 (RANTES), play critical roles in immune responses by binding to specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as CCR2, CCR3, and CCR5. The dysregulation of CCL chemokines is associated with various pathological conditions, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and chronic inflammatory disorders.
Application of CCL Antibodies
- Immunofluorescence (IF): CCL antibodies are applied in immunofluorescence to visualize the spatial distribution of CCL chemokines in various cell types or tissue samples. This application is essential for studying chemokine-mediated signaling at a cellular level, particularly in contexts where chemokines orchestrate immune cell migration. Immunofluorescence with CCL antibodies provides detailed insights into the role of chemokines in inflammatory sites.
- Flow Cytometry (FACS): Fluorophore-conjugated CCL antibodies are widely used in flow cytometry to quantify the expression of CCL chemokines on the surface or within immune cells. This application is critical for studying the role of chemokines in immune cell recruitment, particularly in models of infection, cancer, or autoimmune diseases. Flow cytometry with CCL antibodies allows for high-throughput analysis of chemokine expression in specific cell populations.
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA): CCL antibodies are commonly used in ELISA to quantify the levels of CCL chemokines in biological fluids such as serum, plasma, or cell culture supernatants. This application is particularly valuable in clinical research, where chemokine levels may serve as biomarkers for disease progression or therapeutic efficacy. ELISA with CCL antibodies enables quantitative analysis of chemokine expression across a wide range of experimental conditions.
- Co-Immunoprecipitation (Co-IP): CCL antibodies are used in Co-IP assays to investigate interactions between CCL chemokines and their corresponding receptors or other signaling molecules. This helps in dissecting the molecular mechanisms by which CCL chemokines mediate immune responses, allowing researchers to study their role in receptor activation and downstream signaling pathways.
Technical Specifications
- Clonality: Monoclonal or Polyclonal
- Isotype: IgG (species-specific variants)
- Species Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat, and other species depending on the specific antibody
- Applications: WB, IHC, IF, FACS, ELISA, Co-IP
- Chemokine Specificity: Available for detecting specific CCL chemokines (e.g., CCL2, CCL5)
- Storage Conditions: Typically stored at -20°C or -80°C for long-term stability
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