NOX Antibodies

NOX (NADPH Oxidases) are a family of membrane-bound enzymes that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) by transferring electrons from NADPH to molecular oxygen, producing superoxide and other ROS. NOX enzymes are involved in various physiological processes, including cellular signaling, host defense, and regulation of redox balance. 

Applications of NOX Antibodies

NOX antibodies are indispensable for investigating the roles of various NOX isoforms in different biological contexts. Common experimental applications include:

• Western Blotting: NOX antibodies are used to detect specific NOX isoforms in cell lysates or tissue homogenates. This is essential for quantifying NOX protein levels and studying their regulation under different conditions, such as oxidative stress or disease states.
• Immunohistochemistry (IHC): NOX antibodies are employed to localize NOX proteins within tissue sections. This allows researchers to study NOX expression patterns in different tissues, such as the lungs, brain, or cardiovascular system, and to explore changes in expression during disease progression.
• Immunocytochemistry (ICC): In cultured cells, NOX antibodies are used to visualize the subcellular localization of NOX enzymes. This application is valuable for understanding the role of NOX-generated ROS in cell signaling, apoptosis, and cellular stress responses.
• Co-Immunoprecipitation (Co-IP): NOX antibodies can be used to isolate NOX proteins from cell lysates, allowing researchers to study protein-protein interactions involving NOX isoforms. For instance, Co-IP can reveal interactions between NOX2 and its regulatory subunits, such as p22phox or Rac1.

Key Characteristics of NOX Antibodies

• Isoform-Specificity: NOX antibodies are highly specific to individual NOX isoforms, allowing for precise detection of NOX1, NOX2, NOX4, or NOX5, among others, in complex biological samples.
• Cross-species Reactivity: Many NOX antibodies are cross-reactive with NOX proteins from multiple species, including humans, mice, and rats, which facilitates their use in a wide range of experimental models.
• Sensitivity: High sensitivity is essential for detecting low-abundance NOX proteins, especially in tissues where NOX expression may be subtle or dynamic in response to cellular stress or disease conditions.

NOX antibodies are vital tools for studying the role of NADPH oxidases in health and disease. Their use spans a broad range of research areas, including oxidative stress, immune responses, cancer, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular pathology.